Thrombin time

Thrombin time (TV)

Thrombin time is an indicator that reflects the rate of conversion of fibrinogenFibrinogen is a protein, one of the main blood clotting factors. It is necessary for the formation of blood clots and stopping bleeding, helps in healing damaged tissues and restoring their blood supply. When the wall of a vessel of any caliber is damaged, a cascade of biochemical reactions is triggered in the blood, the final stage of which is the conversion of fibrinogen into fibrin. A blood clot is formed. Fibrinogen is synthesized by liver cells and is constantly present in the blood at a certain concentration. to fibrinFibrin is an insoluble protein substance formed during blood clotting and precipitating as a tangle of threads. under the action of thrombin. This test evaluates the final stage of blood clotting and helps identify disorders in the hemostatic system associated with:

Fibrinogen deficiency or abnormalities
The presence of clotting inhibitors (for example, heparin)
Pathologies of the liver (since fibrinogen is synthesized in the liver)

Norm of thrombin time

Standards may vary slightly from laboratory to laboratory, but usually:

11-18 seconds (depending on the detection method and reagents).

If the time is increased , folding is slowed down, and if it is reduced , it is accelerated.

Symptoms and causes of abnormalities

1. Increased thrombin time (delayed clotting)

Reasons:

Fibrinogen deficiency (hypofibrinogenemia) or its abnormal forms (dysfibrinogenemia).
Taking anticoagulants (heparin, direct thrombin inhibitors).
DIC-syndrome (disseminated intravascular coagulation) — consumption of fibrinogen.
Severe liver diseases (cirrhosis, hepatitis).
Autoimmune diseases (antibodies against thrombin or fibrinogen).

Symptoms:

Bleeding gums, nosebleeds.
Prolonged bleeding after injuries or surgeries.
Formation of hematomas even with light bruises.
Women have heavy menstruation.

2. Reduced thrombin time (accelerated clotting)

Reasons:

Increased fibrinogen levels (in case of inflammation, infections, stress, pregnancy).
Initial stages of DIC syndrome (hypercoagulation).
Dehydration (blood clots).

Symptoms:

Increased risk of thrombosis.
Swelling, pain in the legs (with deep vein thrombosis).
Shortness of breath, chest pain (with pulmonary embolism).

Additional tests

To clarify the diagnosis, you can prescribe:

Fibrinogen (norm: 2-4 g / l).
APTT (activated partial thromboplastin time).
Prothrombin time (PV) and INR.
D-dimer (if DIC or thrombosis is suspected).

If you have any abnormalities in the analysis, it is important to consult a hematologist or therapist for further examination.