Epitalon and N-Acetyl Epitalon Amidate stimulate the production of telomerase

Epitalon (Epitalon) is a tetrapeptide with the sequence Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly.
Its molecular weight is ~390 Da (daltons)
Molecular formula C₁₄H₂₂N₄O₉

N-Acetyl Epitalon Amidate is a modified version of the Epitalon peptideA peptide is a molecule consisting of a chain of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds. Peptides are shorter chains than proteins and usually contain from 2 to 50 amino acids. When the number of amino acids in a chain exceeds 50, such molecules are called proteins. Peptides can perform various functions in the body, including: Hormones, Neuropeptides, Antibiotics, Antioxidants (Epithalamin or Epitalon), known for its potential anti-aging and geroprotective properties.

Currently, N-Acetyl Epitalon Amidate is considered relatively safe, however, research on its long-term effects is still ongoing. The difference between N-Acetyl Epitalon Amidate and Epithalon lies in their molecular modifications and potential applications.

N-Acetyl Epitalon Amidate:

Modification: This is a modified form of Epitalon (a tetrapeptide), where the peptide is acetylated and amidated.
Acetylation: An acetyl group (-COCH₃) is added to the peptide, increasing its stability and bioavailability, allowing it to cross cell membranes more effectively.
Amidation: The amidate group (-CONH₂) further increases stability, allowing the peptide to resist degradation and potentially increasing its half-life in the body.
Potential Benefits: Due to the modifications, N-Acetyl Epitalon Amidate may have increased efficacy compared to regular Epitalon in terms of its absorption, stability, and duration of action in the body. It is often studied in the context of anti-aging and longevity, with a particular focus on improving telomere health and stimulating telomerase activity.

Epitalon (Epithalamin):

Modification: Epitalon is a naturally occurring tetrapeptide consisting of the amino acidsAmino acids are the fundamental building blocks of proteins and play a key role in biological processes. There are a total of 22 standard amino acids used for protein synthesis in living organisms. alanine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, and glycineGlycine is an amino acid that regulates metabolic processes in the central nervous system. It belongs to neurotransmitters (participates in the transmission of nerve impulses). Glycine is a key component of collagen, which gives structure to bones, muscles, connective tissues, and skin. It also participates in the transmission of nerve impulses, increasing the efficiency of information transfer between neurons..
It is unmodified, meaning it lacks the acetyl or amidate groups present in N-Acetyl Epitalon Amidate.
Potential Benefits: Epitalon is also believed to stimulate the production of telomerase – an enzymeEnzymes are proteins that accelerate chemical reactions in the body. They ensure the occurrence of metabolic processes such as food digestion, energy release, cell formation, and many others. that helps maintain telomere length, thereby promoting cell regeneration and longevity. It is widely discussed for its potential anti-aging effects, but it is not modified to enhance bioavailability or stability like N-Acetyl Epitalon Amidate.
Application: Epitalon has been researched for its effects on aging, telomere maintenance, and cell regeneration. It is commonly used in scientific research focused on longevity and age-related diseases.

Key Differences:
1. Chemical Structure:
— NET5 N-Acetyl Epitalon Amidate has both acetyl and amidate modifications.
— Epitalon ET10 is the natural, unmodified form of the peptide.
2. Bioavailability:
— The modifications in NET5 N-Acetyl Epitalon Amidate (acetylation and amidation) are designed to enhance its bioavailability, stability, and potentially its half-life in the body compared to ET10 Epithalon.
3. Efficacy:
— NET5 N-Acetyl Epitalon Amidate may be more effective at reaching tissues and exerting its effects due to the modifications, while ET10 Epitalon may be less effective.

Summary:
Epithalon is the base form of the peptide, while N-Acetyl Epitalon Amidate is its enhanced version with improved stability and bioavailability. Both substances are researched in the context of slowing aging, but N-Acetyl Epitalon Amidate is considered more promising.

Epitalon (Epithalamin):
Modification: Epitalon is a naturally occurring tetrapeptide consisting of the amino acids alanine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, and glycine.
It is unmodified, meaning it lacks the acetyl or amidate groups present in N-Acetyl Epitalon Amidate.
Potential Benefits: Epitalon is also believed to stimulate the production of telomerase – an enzyme that helps maintain telomere length, thereby promoting cell regeneration and longevity. It is widely discussed for its potential anti-aging effects, but it is not modified to enhance bioavailability or stability like N-Acetyl Epitalon Amidate.
Application: Epitalon has been researched for its effects on aging, telomere maintenance, and cell regeneration. It is commonly used in scientific research focused on longevity and age-related diseases.

Key Differences:
1. Chemical Structure:
— NET5 N-Acetyl Epitalon Amidate has both acetyl and amidate modifications.
— Epitalon ET10 is the natural, unmodified form of the peptide.
2. Bioavailability:
— The modifications in NET5 N-Acetyl Epitalon Amidate (acetylation and amidation) are designed to enhance its bioavailability, stability, and potentially its half-life in the body compared to ET10 Epithalon.
3. Efficacy:
— NET5 N-Acetyl Epitalon Amidate may be more effective at reaching tissues and exerting its effects due to the modifications, while ET10 Epitalon may be less effective.

Summary:
Epithalon is the base form of the peptide, while N-Acetyl Epitalon Amidate is its enhanced version with improved stability and bioavailability. Both substances are researched in the context of slowing aging, but N-Acetyl Epitalon Amidate is considered more promising.

Epitalon (Epithalon or Epitalon) is a synthetic peptide consisting of four amino acids (alanine-glutamine-asparagine-glycine), developed as a result of research on peptide bioregulators. It is an analog of a natural peptide isolated from the pineal gland of animals known as
epithalamin. Epitalon has attracted attention due to its potential anti-aging and geroprotective properties.

Activation of the Telomerase enzyme (Terminal Transferase)
Noticeable increase in the body’s regenerative abilities
Sleep normalization and reduced need for sleep
Normalization and restoration of neuroendocrine functions
Improvement of immune system functions
Normalization and restoration of secretion of sex and gonadotropic hormonesHormones are biologically active substances that are produced by specialized cells or glands (such as endocrine glands) and regulate various physiological processes in the body. They act as chemical signals that are transmitted through the bloodstream to organs and tissues to control and coordinate a wide range of functions, including metabolism, growth and development, reproduction, mood, and more. Examples include insulin, testosterone, estrogen, and adrenaline.
Increased hypothalamic sensitivity to endogenous hormones
Improved blood flow and systemic “hemodynamics”
Downregulation of inflammatory processes
Normalization of the uric acid cycle and blood cholesterol levels
Inhibition of general carcinogenic and spontaneous tumor growth processes
Appetite suppression and improved protein biosynthesis
Improved skin and firm complexion
Slightly improved hair growth (due to increased melatonin secretion by the pineal gland)
Nootropic effects and increased mental clarity

Main Properties and Mechanisms of Action:

Regulation of Pineal Gland Function:
- Epitalon stimulates the synthesis of melatonin – a hormone that regulates circadian rhythms (sleep-wake cycle) and has antioxidant properties.
- The pineal gland plays a key role in regulating the endocrine system and aging processes.
Antioxidant Action:
- The peptide helps reduce the level of oxidative stress, which is considered one of the main causes of cell aging.
Telomere Protection:
- Epitalon may slow down the shortening of telomeres – protective “caps” at the ends of chromosomes that shorten with each cell division. This is associated with the activation of telomerase, an enzyme that restores telomeres.
Immunomodulatory Action:
- The peptide helps strengthen the immune system, increasing the body’s resistance to infections and other external influences.
Antitumor Activity:
- Some studies indicate that Epitalon may suppress the growth of tumor cells, although the mechanisms of this effect are not fully understood.

Application:

Epitalon is being studied in the context of life extension and improving quality of life in old age. Its potential areas of application include:

Gerontology: slowing down aging processes.
Oncology: as an adjunct in cancer therapy.
Neurology: improving cognitive functions and protecting neurons.
Immunology: strengthening immunity.

Research:

Epitalon is actively studied in laboratory conditions and on animal models. Some studies have shown increased lifespan in experimental animals, improved brain function, and reduced risk of age-related diseases. However, clinical studies in humans are still limited, and data on long-term safety and efficacy are insufficient.

Method of Administration:

Epitalon is usually administered by injection (subcutaneously or intramuscularly). Dosages and administration regimens depend on the goals and specialist recommendations.

Side Effects:

So far, no serious side effects have been identified, but as with any bioregulator, individual reactions are possible. Consultation with a doctor is recommended before use.

Clinical Studies in Humans

In clinical studies on humans, epitalon and epithalamin significantly increased telomere length in blood cells of patients aged 60-65 and 75-80 years, and their efficacy was comparable to each other.

Epitalon and epithalamin appear to restore melatonin secretion by the pineal gland in both old monkeys and humans.

Clinical trials in humans conducted on a sample of patients with retinitis pigmentosa showed that epitalon had a positive clinical effect in 90% of cases in the treatment group.

In another clinical study on humans, conducted on a sample of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, epitalon did not appear to eliminate pre-existing structural chromosomal abnormalities associated with telomere degradation, but had a protective effect against the development of additional chromosomal abnormalities in the future.

A prospective cohort study involving 266 people over 60 years old showed that treatment with epithalamin, the pineal gland extract upon which epitalon is based, led to a 1.6–1.8-fold reduction in mortality over the next 6 years, a 2.5-fold reduction in mortality when combined with thymalin, and a 4.1-fold reduction in mortality when combined with thymalin and taken annually instead of a single dose at the beginning of the study.

Another prospective cohort study, conducted on a sample of 79 patients with coronary heart disease over more than 12 years, found improvements in physical endurance, circadian rhythm, as well as carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in the group taking epithalamin compared to the control group after 3 years of twice-yearly administration, as well as a 50% reduction in mortality from cardiovascular diseases, a 50% reduction in heart failure and serious respiratory diseases, and a 28% reduction in overall mortality.

Conclusion:

Epitalon represents a promising peptide for combating age-related changes and improving overall body condition.